Review Links Antipsychotics With Risk For Heart Attacks

madinamerica
A systematic review published this week in the British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology found that patients taking antipsychotic drugs were at nearly twice the risk of a heart attack compared to non-users. "Our findings provide important information about the safety of antipsychotic drugs," Bing Ruan, a lead author of the study, wrote. "Clinicians should prescribe them only for patients with a clear need."

A new review links a two-fold risk for heart attacks with the use of antipsychotic drugs.

Zheng-he Yu, Hai-yin Jiang, Li Shao, Yuan-yue Zhou, Hai-yan Shi and Bing Ruan, Use of Antipsychotics and Risk of Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, doi: 10.1111/bcp.12985, published online 16 May 2016. (Abstract)

--Justin Karter , News Editor

This entry was posted in Adverse Effects, Antipsychotics, Drug Page, Featured News, In the News, In the News, Informed Consent, Legislation & Regulation, Obesity/Metabolic Syndrome, Psychiatric Drugs, Researchand tagged antipsychotic risks, antipsychotic side effects, Antipsychotics and Heart Attacks, antipsychotics safety, British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, long term use of antipsychotics, safety of antipsychotic drugs. Bookmark the permalink

Thank You Mr Karter and MIA.

We read this and were tempted to snark it with a "Ho Hum, throw another log/study on the fire."

But at this point, with the ever growing Matterhorn of studies condemning them, it's become a matter of Toss another grain of sand onto the beach."

Danish Mega Study - 1.2 Million Subjects - Reveals Increased Cardio Vascular Adverse Events From Antipsychotics In Elderly

First up;
PRWEB.com newswire;
As Risperdal Lawsuits Move Forward, Bernstein Liebhard LLP Notes New Study Finding Increased Risk of Heart Events in Elderly Treated with Antipsychotic Drugs

New York, New York (PRWEB) January 07, 2014

As Risperdal lawsuits, (http://www.risperdallawsuitcenter.com/) including many that allege a connection between the use of Risperdal and gynecomastia (male breast growth), continue to move forward in courts around the U.S., a new study has found that elderly people treated with Risperdal and other antipsychotic drugs may face a substantially increased risk for a major adverse cardiovascular disease event. The study, which was based on a review of Danish health records involving more than 1 million people, found that the risk was highest during the first month of treatment, and that it remained elevated among patients who were 70 or older. The research was presented in November at the American Heart Association scientific sessions in Dallas.*

Read more: http://www.digitaljournal.com/pr/1669966#ixzz2pv2HyRTa

Batting Second;
Clinical Psychiatry News;

Antipsychotics boosted CVD events in elderly

By: MITCHEL L. ZOLER, Clinical Psychiatry News Digital Network

DALLAS – Elderly patients who started treatment with an antipsychotic drug had a substantially increased risk for a major adverse cardiovascular disease event, especially during the first month on treatment, according to Danish national records from more than 1 million people.

The risk remained elevated even when the analysis focused on elderly people who were aged 70 years or older and were without cardiovascular disease or dementia at the time of their first use of an antipsychotic medication, Dr. Charlotte Andersson and her associates reported in a poster at the American Heart Association scientific sessions.

Treatment was linked with a significantly increased rate of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at some time during follow-up for all eight antipsychotic drugs studied in detail: haloperidol (Haldol), flupentixol (Fluanxol), chlorprothixene, levomepromazine (Nozinan), quetiapine (Seroquel), risperidone (Risperdal), olanzapine, and ziprasidone (Geodon), reported Dr. Andersson, a researcher at Gentofte Hospital in Copenhagen. The MACE association was relatively weak for ziprasidone, but it was robust for the other seven agents.

continue reading CPN, . . .

Third Batter Steps up, Strikes Out, and, . . . they're still on the market because "Industry Profits Must Continue".

Dallas 2013, abstracts online;

Presentation Abstract

Session:	APS.211.04-Cardiovascular Implications of Noncardiac Medications
Presentation:	16650 - Association of Selected Anti-Psychotic Agents With Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Elderly Individuals: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study
Location:	Hall F, Core 2, Poster Board: 2110
Specialty:	+211. Epidemiology and Population Studies
Keywords:	Drugs
Authors:	Marie Sahlberg, Gentofte Hosp, Hellerup, Denmark; Ellen Holm, Nykøbing-Falster Hosp, Nykobing Falster, Denmark; Gunnar H Gislason, Gentofte Hosp, Hellerup, Denmark; Christian Torp-Pedersen, Inst of Health, Science and Technology, Aalborg, Denmark; Charlotte Andersson, Gentofte Hosp, Hellerup, Denmark
Abstract:	Introduction Concerns have been raised about the safety of treatment with antipsychotic agents (APS) in elderly people with dementia, but this area is still insufficiently investigated. We studied the risks of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke or cardiovascular death) associated with use of different APS in elderly using nationwide Danish data. Methods All individuals in Denmark aged 70 years or older between 1997 and 2009 who had not used APS prior to study baseline were included. Exposure to APS was assessed through claimed prescriptions from pharmacies. Adjusted relative risks (RR) associated with exposure to APS were calculated by time-dependent Poisson regression models. Results We included 1,235,869 individuals of which 100,140 (8,1%) used APS at some point. For all agents, we found a highly increased RR of MACE during the first month after initiation, Figure. Long-term use (i.e.> 1 year) was however still associated with approximately 2-fold increase in RR for the majority of agents. The majority of agents further demonstrated a dose-dependent increase in RR and higher RR associated with long-term use among individuals without prevalent cardiovascular disease or dementia. continue reading presentation abstract, . . . How much more money and How many more lives were wasted 'Investigating' these junk, killer drugs yet again, as Govt. funded make work?

FDA Approves Another Dangerous Antipsychotic, Asenapine

AHRP has:

FDA Approves Another Dangerous Antipsychotic, Asenapine

At the July 30, 2009 FDA advisory committee hearing, the only formal presentations at the meeting were a summary of the safety and efficacy data by the sponsor.

The FDA has approved Schering Plough's new antipsychotic, asenapine (Saphris), for the treatment of schizophrenia and mania associated with bipolar disorder in adults.

Dr. Thomas Laughren, FDA's director of psychiatry products, indicated that FDA will not be making separate presentations, "since we are in essential agreement with the data to be presented by the sponsor."

The drug's approval is highly controversial: the primary biopharmaceutics (OCP) reviewer raised numerous safety concerns but was not afforded an opportunity to present his analysis to the committee.

Asenapine's approval for the treatment of schizophrenia is based on four short-term (6-week) randomized clinical trials, of which only two studies (Studies 41004 and 41023) were presented as showing "statistically significant," though clinically insignificant, efficacy findings.

However, contrary to Dr. Laughren's assertion,

"As summarized in Dr. Chen’s review, there were 2 positive (41004 and 41023) trials and one negative (41021) trial supporting adequate efficacy to recommend approval of asenapine for adults in the acute treatment of schizophrenia"

those efficacy claims were disputed by Dr. Yeh-Fong Chen, FDA's statistical reviewer, who raised concerns about the high dropout rate in study 41004, (60% overall, 66% among placebo group): suggesting the possibility of bias.

She also raises "a reasonable concern…whether a study with >50% dropout rate can still be accepted as a pivotal study."

Furthermore, "Regarding Study 41023, the fact that asenapine 10 mg BID performed numerically worse than asenapine 5 mg BID also adds difficulty to the interpretation of the asenapine’s efficacy finding."

FDA's review of the application for bipolar disorder focused on 2 short-term (3-week), double-blind, randomized, flexible dose, placebo- and olanzapine-controlled, parallel group studies of asenapine in adult patients with manic or mixed episodes of bipolar 1 disorder. See, FDA Background package :

The drug was approved in the form of sublingual tablets: it is stated that this is due to its "very poor oral bioavailability."

Are there safety issues for concern regarding the drug's potential toxicity?

Concerns about serious, potentially life-threatening risks are linked to this drug:

FDA's primary biopharmaceutics (OCP) reviewer, Dr. Ron Kavanaugh, who analyzed the all phase II and III trials’ adverse events data submitted for review, raised concerns about cardiotoxicity in young healthy volunteers, hepatoxicity (blood toxicity), and suicide/ suicide attempts. See: Table 185, p.772 FDA Background package

Serious safety issues emerged in early trials conducted in young, healthy volunteers, resulting in the termination of several studies due to severe cardiac events:

"Study 25506 was a pharmacokinetic study of intravenous administration of asenapine at four different doses, with each dose to be administered to two healthy male volunteers which was then to be followed by a pilot bioavailability study of 30 mg orally in the two volunteers who received the highest tolerated intravenous dose.

The study was stopped after the first two subjects due to asystole requiring external cardiac massage and atropine. Although attributed by the sponsor to a vasovagal effect, an external cardiologist deemed it a serious AE of asenapine affecting the conducting system of the heart." p.785 FDA Background package

Study 25501 was a multiple rising dose study to examine the pharmacokinetics in 12 young, healthy, male volunteers using [asenapine] both after a single oral dose (30 mg) and at steady state (5 days, 15 mg twice daily orally).

Study 25509, the sponsor's summary of the initial sublingual (SL) Single Rising Dose Study states:

"From a safety point of view, the administration [of asenapine at] doses greater than 4 mg / day is precluded for two reasons (1) risk of hepotoxicity (2) due to the fact that low oral bioavailability predisposes to highly variable plasma levels, patients may be put at increased risk of cardiovascular adverse experiences." p. 792 FDA Background package

Dr. Kavanaugh's Table 192 "Summary of Selected Cardiac AEs" as described in the sponsor's summaries of early trials. p.798 FDA Background Package

Dr. Thomas Laughren, FDA director of psychiatry products, dismissed out of hand the safety concerns raised by FDA primary pharmacology reviewer and the efficacy concerns raised by FDA's statistician.

There were 27 deaths in the asenapine program overall, including 22 deaths in patients taking asenapine.

Of the 22 asenapine deaths, 8 were suicides and 9 of the asenapine deaths were from serious medical events: e.g., pulmonary embolism (2), pneumonia, CVA, complications of seizure, metastatic lung cancer, fetal death in premature delivery, heart failure, MI.

However, most (about 94%) of the serious adverse events were exacerbations of psychiatric illness. This raises additional doubts about the drug’s efficacy for schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, two major psychiatric conditions.

Dr. Laughren strongly endorsed approval of asenapine. (T)he formal presentations at the advisory hearing were limited to the following study reviews by Schering Plough, the sponsor:

Study 041004 compared asenapine 5 mg bid, risperidone 3 mg bid, and placebo.
There were roughly 60 patients per group. Dropouts were substantial (more than 60%), with completion rates for the 3 groups, as follows: asenapine-46%; risperidone-42%; placebo-34%.

Study 041021 compared asenapine 5 mg bid, asenapine 10 mg bid, olanzapine 15 mg qd, and placebo.

Neither asenapine group was statistically superior to placebo, however, the olanzapine group was superior to placebo (p=0.017). Thus, this was a completely negative study for asenapine.

Study 041022 compared a flexible dose of asenapine (5-10 mg bid) with olanzapine and placebo. Neither active drug group was statistically superior to placebo. Thus, this was a failed study.

FDA's statistician, Dr. Yeh-Fong Chen, noted in her written review: "Not only did the study drug and the active control fail to show any efficacy findings, but patients in the placebo group even performed numerically better than those in the study drug group."

Study 041023 compared asenapine 5 mg bid, asenapine 10 mg bid, haloperidol 4 mg bid, and placebo. There were roughly 110 patients per group. Completion rates for the 4 groups were as follows: asenapine 5 mg bid-63%; asenapine 10 mg bid-67%; haloperidol-59%; placebo-57%.

Dr. Chen notes in her written review: "Based on the protocol specified primary analysis, data only showed statistically significant findings for asenapine 5 mg BID. This reviewer plotted the visit-wise LOCF and OC analysis results and noted that... the observed effect size for 10 mg was smaller than that for the 5 mg regardless of analysis methods."

FDA's review of the application for Efficacy in Bipolar Disorder focused on 2 short-term (3-week), double-blind, randomized, flexible dose, placebo- and olanzapine-controlled, parallel group studies of asenapine in adult patients with manic or mixed episodes of bipolar 1 disorder. Dosing was 5-10 mg bid for asenapine and 5-20 mg qd for olanzapine.

Study A7501004 was a multinational trial (61 centers, including both US and nonUS sites). There were roughly 200 patients per each active group and 100 for placebo. Completion rates were as follows: asenapine-67%; olanzapine-79%; placebo-58%. Both active drug groups were statistically superior to placebo on both the primary and key secondary endpoints.

Study A7501005 was a multinational trial (55 centers, including both US and non US sites). There were roughly 200 patients per each active group and 100 for placebo. Completion rates were as follows: asenapine-63%; olanzapine-80%; placebo-62%.

FDA acknowledged: The sponsor presented no data pertinent to longer-term efficacy of asenapine for the treatment of either schizophrenia or mania/mixed episodes.

It is astonishing that FDA would approve Asenapine for the treatment of bipolar disorder disorder--inasmuch as its efficacy remains in doubt, and 94% of the drug's serious adverse events were exacerbation of psychiatric illness.

FDA's failure to consider the compelling evidence of hazards posed by the so-called 'atypical' antipsychotics-- from two major government-sponsored, long-term NIMH studies when assessing the safety / efficacy of asenapine--is irresponsible.

1. The CATIE (Clinical Antipsychotic Trials of Intervention Effectiveness) in schizophrenia study overturned industry-promoted assumptions about the safety and efficacy of antipsychotics of asenapine's class. The CATIE study demonstrated the lack of improved efficacy by the so-called 'atypical' antipsychotic drugs from older neuroleptics, while documenting these drugs' severe, debilitating, life-shortening adverse effects and poor patient outcomes.

The data from the sponsor's asenapine trials raise even greater concerns about this drug's safety--as analyzed by FDA's primary biopharmaceutics (OCP) reviewer.

2. The STEP-BD (Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder) found that the use of second generation antipsychotic (Risperdal) was LEAST effective (4.6%) compared to an anti-convulsant (Lamitcal, 23.8%) or even a sugar pill (Inositol, 17.4%).

Furthermore, evidence from STEP-D shows that "Suicidal ideation was significantly more prevalent among patients who were taking a second-generation antipsychotic than those who were not (26 percent and 17 percent) and those who were taking an antidepressant and those who were not (25 percent and 14 percent)."

See, Suicidal Ideation and Pharmacotherapy Among STEP-BD Patients, Psychiatric Services, 2007.

There were 12 suicides in the asenapine program overall, including 8 on asenapine and 4 on olanzapine.

FDA acknowledges: "The distribution of time of treatment to occurrence of suicide was somewhat unusual for asenapine, i.e., 8, 12, 18, 31, 33, 96, 152, and 257 days. The comparable numbers for olanzapine were as follows: 13, 37, 191, and 376 days."

Asenapine's poor performance is underscored by an even higher drop out rate in head to head trials against olanzapine (Zyprexa), whose drop out rate in pre-marketing trials was a matter of concern that has been justified by the drug' link to debilitating, chronic, life-shortening disease.

Dr. Laughren' background memorandum to the advisory committee acknowledges:

"A major deficiency in the application from a biopharmaceutics standpoint is a failure to adequately determine what moieties are circulating in plasma. OCP maintains that the sponsor has identified only about 3% of circulating material in plasma. Also from the standpoint of mass balance, OCP maintains that only about 30% of the dose has been characterized regarding elimination pathways. They feel that the application cannot be approved before these deficiencies are addressed. The sponsor disputes these findings, and claims that they have identified up to 30% of circulating metabolites and 70% of the dose. At this point, however, this issue is unresolved." See, FDA Background Package

With numerous serious "unresolved" concerns about safety and efficacy, how can FDA claim Asenapine is "Safe and Effective"?

According to the American Society of Health System Pharmacists (below), Asenapine label warnings will include:

"Instances of tardive dyskinesia, a serious movement disorder, were reported during clinical trials of asenapine. The labeling states that if this condition occurs, consideration should be given to discontinuing therapy when "clinically appropriate."

"Cessation of therapy is also recommended if neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), a life-threatening neurologic condition associated with the use of antipsychotic drugs, occurs during treatment with asenapine. Symptoms of NMS include "high fever, sweating, unstable blood pressure, stupor, muscular rigidity, and autonomic dysfunction," according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.

"Other serious conditions that may occur during treatment with asenapine or other atypical antipsychotic drugs include hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, and orthostatic hypotension."

How can a drug that failed to even meet the low efficacy level of existing antipsychotics-- Risperdal, Zyprexa--whose documented debilitating and life-threatening risks emerged within the very short duration of the trials, be declared "Safe and Effective" for long-term chronic use?

One cannot but wonder what standards FDA officials are following before issuing the government seal of approval to drugs that offer no improved clinical benefit--and whose serious risks have not been fully evaluated.


Posted by Vera Hassner Sharav

American Society of Health System Pharmacists
Asenapine Approved for Treatment of Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder
Kate Traynor

BETHESDA, MD 14 August 2009—FDA and Schering-Plough Corporation today announced the approval of asenapine sublingual tablets for the acute treatment of schizophrenia and manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder in adults.

Schering-Plough expects the atypical antipsychotic drug to be available during the final quarter of this year under the brand name Saphris.

As with other drugs in the class, the labeling (PDF) for asenapine includes a boxed warning stating that the drug is "not approved" for use in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis. Patients with this condition who are treated with antipsychotic drugs are at increased risk of death, the labeling warns.

The labeling also warns that cerebrovascular accidents and transient ischemic attacks have occurred in elderly patients with dementia-related psychosis when treated with antipsychotic drugs.

Efficacy data on asenapine were collected during three six-week clinical trials in patients with schizophrenia and two three-week trials in patients with bipolar disorder. According to FDA, the drug outperformed placebo in both bipolar-disorder trials and two of the schizophrenia studies.

The most frequent adverse events reported by clinical trial participants with schizophrenia were restlessness, decreased oral sensitivity, and drowsiness. Among patients with bipolar disorder, the most frequent adverse events were drowsiness, dizziness, movement disorders, and weight gain.

Instances of tardive dyskinesia, a serious movement disorder, were reported during clinical trials of asenapine. The labeling states that if this condition occurs, consideration should be given to discontinuing therapy when "clinically appropriate."

Cessation of therapy is also recommended if neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), a life-threatening neurologic condition associated with the use of antipsychotic drugs, occurs during treatment with asenapine. Symptoms of NMS include "high fever, sweating, unstable blood pressure, stupor, muscular rigidity, and autonomic dysfunction," according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.

Other serious conditions that may occur during treatment with asenapine or other atypical antipsychotic drugs include hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus, and orthostatic hypotension.

The recommended starting dosage of asenapine in adults with schizophrenia is 5 mg taken twice daily. For patients with bipolar disorder, the recommended starting dosage is 10 mg taken twice daily. If this dosage is not tolerated, the labeling recommends reducing the dosage to 5 mg taken twice daily.

Asenapine 5- and 10-mg tablets will be sold in 10-tablet blister packs in boxes of 60 or 100. Each tablet should remain in the blister pack until needed and then removed with dry hands. The tablet should be placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve completely, and the patient should not eat or drink for 10 minutes after taking the tablet.

The labeling warns against crushing, chewing, or swallowing the sublingual tablets.

FAIR USE NOTICE: This may contain copyrighted (© ) material the use of which has not always been specifically authorized by the copyright owner. Such material is made available for educational purposes, to advance understanding of human rights, democracy, scientific, moral, ethical, and social justice issues, etc. It is believed that this constitutes a 'fair use' of any such copyrighted material as provided for in Title 17 U.S.C. section 107 of the US Copyright Law. This material is distributed without profit.


Thank you AHRP

Dr. F. Baughman To Military: Embargo ALL Antipsychotics & Antidepressants

PR News Wire has:

Fred A. Baughman Jr., MD Announces: Vets' Sudden Cardiac Deaths Are Not Suicides or Overdoses

EL CAJON, Calif., May 19 /PRNewswire/ -- Fred A. Baughman Jr., MD today announced the results of his research into the "series" of veterans' deaths acknowledged by the Surgeon General of the Army.

Upon reading the May 24, 2008, Charleston (WV) Gazette article "Vets taking Post Traumatic Stress Disorder drugs die in sleep," Baughman began to investigate why these reported deaths were "different." And, why they were likely, the "tip of an iceberg."

Andrew White, Eric Layne, Nicholas Endicott and Derek Johnson were four West Virginia veterans who died in their sleep in early 2008. Baughman's research suggests that they did not commit suicide and did not overdose as suggested by the military. All were diagnosed with PTSD. All seemed "normal" when they went to bed. And, all were on Klonopin (a benzodiazepine), Paxil (an SSRI antidepressant) and Seroquel (an antipsychotic).

On January 15, 2009, the New England Journal of Medicine (Ray et al), reported that antipsychotics double the risk of sudden cardiac death.

On February 7, 2008, Surgeon General Eric B. Schoomaker, said there has been "a series of deaths in Warrior Training Units" -- "often as a consequence of the use of multiple prescription and nonprescription medicines and alcohol ... we all saw the unfortunate death of Heath Ledger, the 'Brokeback Mountain' star, who died from an accidental overdose."

But Ledger was not on any heart-toxic medication. When found, his pulse and respirations were intact! When found, none of the veterans were breathing or had pulse. There's, most likely, were sudden cardiac deaths!

Sudden cardiac death is an unexpected death due to cardiac causes occurring in a short time period (generally within 1 h of symptom onset) in a person with known or unknown cardiac disease in whom no previously diagnosed fatal condition is apparent. (Medscape e-Medicine 7/17/06)

As of April 16, 2009, veteran's wife, Diane Vande Burgt, had Googled 19 "dead in bed," 36 "dead in barracks," or "... room," and 19 "under investigation." Removing reported "suicides" shortened our original list by 15 names leaving a total of 74 probable sudden cardiac deaths - most in soldiers or veterans in their 20's. An article from the AP, San Antonio, 4/17/09, reported "The deaths of two soldiers are being investigated ... both men apparently died in their sleep."

It was reported in June, 2008, that 89% of veterans with PTSD are given antidepressants and 34% antipsychotics (Mohamed & Rosenheck, June 2008). A third, then, are exposed to the additive potential of both to cause sudden cardiac death. (Sicouri & Antzelevitch, 2008)

On April 13, 2009, Baughman wrote the Office of the Surgeon General of the Army: "the Surgeon General said there has been 'a series, a sequence of deaths' Has the study of these deaths been published?

On April 17, 2009, the response came: "The assessment is still pending and has not been released yet."

There being no such thing as an essential psychiatric drug, I call upon the military for an immediate embargo of all antipsychotics and antidepressants until there has been a complete, wholly public, clarification of the extent and causes of this epidemic of probable sudden cardiac deaths.

For more information, please email Fred A. Baughman Jr., MD at fabjrmd@cox.net.

Hat Tip to Seroxat Sufferers


See also:

Mental Health: Comes With FREE Cardiac Arrest

Mental Health: Comes With FREE Sudden Death

Sen Grassley To STAY On Finance Committee

The WSJ has:

Grassley, Sticking Around At Finance, Talks Health With Obama

It looks like Senator 'Take No Prisoners and Take No Guff' Charles Grassley will be Staying on at the Senate Finance Committee.

Jeff Sessions is slated to be the Ranking Republican at Judiciary until the end of Next year, and Senator Grassley will be replacing Sessions then.


We can Only wonder, ...... how many malfunctioning pacemakers this news is occasioning tonight in Pharma land, and Psychiatric Key Opinion Leader land.

And it's not just drug makers which Senator Grassley has been investigating on behalf of American Citizens.

Grassley Says Knee Device Maker Was 'Calling The Shots' At FDA.

Mental Health: Comes With FREE Cardiac Arrest

All 23 of the Psychiatric Poisons in our FDA Adverse Reaction section feature Cardiac Arrest as an FDA reported Adverse Reaction with each Drug Individually identified as 'The Primary Suspect Drug' responsible for that Adverse Reaction, and a Whole slew of Other Cardiac Related Adverse Reactions.

Abilify: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Arrest Neonatal, Cardiac Death, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Acute, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiogenic Shock, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiovascular Disorder

Adderall: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Discomfort, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Failure Chronic, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Hypertrophy, Cardiac Monitoring, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Operation, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiovascular Disorder

Celexa: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Death, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Enzymes Increased, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Neoplasm Unspecified, Cardiac Operation, Cardiac Pacemaker Insertion, Cardiac Perforation, Cardiac Ventricular Disorder, Cardiogenic Shock, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiomyopathy Acute, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiovascular Disorder

Clozapine: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Death, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Enzymes Increased, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Acute, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Function Test Abnormal, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Myxoma, Cardiac Pacemaker Insertion, Cardiac Pacemaker Malfunction, Cardiac Stress Test Abnormal, Cardiac Tamponade, Cardiac Valve Disease, Cardiac Ventricular Disorder, Cardiogenic Shock, Cardiolipin Antibody Positive, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiovascular Disorder

Cymbalta: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Death, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Enzymes Increased, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Acute, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Function Test Abnormal, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Operation, Cardiac Output Decreased, Cardiac Procedure Complication, Cardiac Tamponade, Cardiac Ventricular Disorder, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiovascular Disorder, Cardioversion

Depakote: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Death, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Enzymes Increased, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Acute, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Function Test Abnormal, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Operation, Cardiac Output Decreased, Cardiac Procedure Complication, Cardiac Tamponade, Cardiac Ventricular Disorder, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiovascular Disorder, Cardioversion

Effexor: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Arrest Neonatal, Cardiac Discomfort, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Enzymes Increased, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Index Decreased, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Tamponade, Cardiac Valve Disease, Cardiac Valve Replacement Complication, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest Neonatal, Cardio-Respiratory Distress, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiovascular Disorder

Geodon: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Death, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Enzymes Increased, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Function Disturbance Postoperative, Cardiac Infection, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Myxoma, Cardiac Pacemaker Insertion, Cardiac Stress Test Abnormal, Cardiac Ventricular Disorder, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiovascular Disorder, Cardiovascular Function Test Abnormal

Klonopin: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Arrest Neonatal, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Valve Disease, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-RespiratoryArrest, Cardiovascular Disorder

Lamactil: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Pacemaker Insertion, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiomyopathy Acute, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest

Lexapro: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Perforation, Cardiac Stress Test Abnormal, Cardiac Tamponade, Cardiac Valve Disease, Cardiac Valve Vegetation, Cardiogenic Shock, Cardiolipin Antibody Positive, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest Neonatal

Neurontin: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Enzymes Increased, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Acute, Cardiac Failure Chronic, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Operation, Cardiac Pacemaker Insertion, Cardiac Pacemaker Replacement, Cardiac Perforation, Cardiac Stress Test Abnormal, Cardiac Telemetry Abnormal, Cardiac Valve Disease, Cardiac Valve Sclerosis, Cardiac Ventricular Disorder, Cardiomegaly, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiovascular Deconditioning, Cardiovascular Disorder

Paxil: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Discomfort, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Enzymes Increased, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Acute, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Function Test Abnormal, Cardiac Monitoring, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Neoplasm Unspecified, Cardiac Operation, Cardiac Pacemaker Insertion, Cardiac Pacemaker Malfunction, Cardiac Stress Test Abnormal, Cardiac Valve Disease, Cardiac Ventricular Disorder, Cardiogenic Shock, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiomyopathy Acute, Cardiomyopathy Alcoholic, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardio-Respiratory Distress, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiovascular Disorder, Cardiovascular Function Test Abnormal

Prozac: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Death, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Chronic, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Operation, Cardiac Valve Disease, Cardiogenic Shock, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiovascular Disorder

Risperdal: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Death, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Acute, Cardiac Failure Chronic, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Pacemaker Insertion, Cardiac Valve Disease, Cardiolipin Antibody, Cardiolipin Antibody Positive, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiovascular Disorder

Ritalin/Concerta: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Enzymes Increased, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Hypertrophy, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiovascular Disorder

Seroquel: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Death, Cardiac Discomfort, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Acute, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Hypertrophy, Cardiac Malposition, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Pacemaker Insertion, Cardiac Valve Disease, Cardioactive Drug Level Decreased, Cardiogenic Shock, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiovascular Disorder

Strattera: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Monitoring, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Operation, Cardiac Valve Disease, Cardiac Valve Replacement Complication, Cardiac Ventricular Disorder, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiovascular Disorder

Tegretol: Cardiac Ablation, Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Acute, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Function Disturbance Postoperative, Cardiac Hypertrophy, Cardiac Index Decreased, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Operation, Cardiac Output Decreased, Cardiac Pacemaker Insertion, Cardiogenic Shock, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest

Wellbutrin: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Enzymes Increased, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiospasm, Cardiovascular Disorder

Xanax: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Pacemaker Insertion, Cardiac Stress Test Abnormal, Cardiolipin Antibody Positive, Cardiomegaly, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest Neonatal

Zoloft: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Acute, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Flutter, Cardiac Hypertrophy, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Operation, Cardiac Pacemaker Insertion, Cardiac Pacemaker Replacement, Cardiac Procedure Complication, Cardiac Tamponade, Cardiac Valve Disease, Cardiogenic Shock, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiovascular Disorder

Zyprexa: Cardiac Arrest, Cardiac Discomfort, Cardiac Disorder, Cardiac Enzymes Increased, Cardiac Failure, Cardiac Failure Acute, Cardiac Failure Congestive, Cardiac Fibrillation, Cardiac Function Test Abnormal, Cardiac Monitoring, Cardiac Murmur, Cardiac Neoplasm Unspecified, Cardiac Operation, Cardiac Pacemaker Insertion, Cardiac Pacemaker Malfunction, Cardiac Stress Test Abnormal, Cardiac Valve Disease, Cardiac Ventricular Disorder, Cardiogenic Shock, Cardiomegaly, Cardiomyopathy, Cardiomyopathy Acute, Cardiomyopathy Alcoholic, Cardiopulmonary Failure, Cardio-Respiratory Arrest, Cardio-Respiratory Distress, Cardiotoxicity, Cardiovascular Disorder, Cardiovascular Function Test Abnormal