15 Yr/145K Patient Study Finds Locking Up People In Psych Hospitals Provides NO Benefit

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abstract

Suicide risk and absconding in psychiatric hospitals with and without open door policies: a 15 year, observational study
Dr Christian G Huber, MD†,Press enter key for correspondence informationPress enter key to Email the author,
Andres R Schneeberger, MD†,
Eva Kowalinski, MD,
Daniela Fröhlich, MA,
Stefanie von Felten, PhD,
Marc Walter, MD,
Martin Zinkler, MD,
Prof Karl Beine, MD,
Prof Andreas Heinz, MD,
Prof Stefan Borgwardt, MD,
Prof Undine E Lang, MD
†Contributed equally
Published Online: 28 July 2016

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30168-7
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Article Info

Summary

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Supplementary Material

Summary
Background

Inpatient suicide and absconding of inpatients at risk of self-endangering behaviour are important challenges for all medical disciplines, particularly psychiatry. Patients at risk are often admitted to locked wards in psychiatric hospitals to prevent absconding, suicide attempts, and death by suicide. However, there is insufficient evidence that treatment on locked wards can effectively prevent these outcomes. We did this study to compare hospitals without locked wards and hospitals with locked wards and to establish whether hospital type has an effect on these outcomes.
Methods

In this 15 year, naturalistic observational study, we examined 349 574 admissions to 21 German psychiatric inpatient hospitals from Jan 1, 1998, to Dec 31, 2012. We used propensity score matching to select 145 738 cases for an analysis, which allowed for causal inference on the effect of ward type (ie, locked, partly locked, open, and day clinic wards) and hospital type (ie, hospitals with and without locked wards) on suicide, suicide attempts, and absconding (with and without return), despite the absence of an experimental design. We used generalised linear mixed-effects models to analyse the data.
Findings

In the 145 738 propensity score-matched cases, suicide (OR 1·326, 95% CI 0·803–2·113; p=0·24), suicide attempts (1·057, 0·787–1·412; p=0·71), and absconding with return (1·288, 0·874–1·929; p=0·21) and without return (1·090, 0·722–1·659; p=0·69) were not increased in hospitals with an open door policy. Compared with treatment on locked wards, treatment on open wards was associated with a decreased probability of suicide attempts (OR 0·658, 95% CI 0·504–0·864; p=0·003), absconding with return (0·629, 0·524–0·764; p<0 0="" absconding="" and="" but="" completed="" not="" p="0·63).<br" return="" suicide="" without="">Interpretation

Locked doors might not be able to prevent suicide and absconding.

Funding

None.

And it only took them 15 years and 145,000 thought criminals to figure this out.

Well, this is Psychiatry we're dealing with.